Retainer and method for attaching lines to lightweight elements of means of transport, in particular to sandwich panels of aircraft

ABSTRACT

A retainer for attaching lines to lightweight elements of means of transport, in particular to sandwich panels of aircraft, with at least one base plate comprising at least one retaining stud. The retaining stud or studs can be cemented into a borehole within a lightweight element. The retaining studs are designed to be free of any undercut, and are connected in one piece to the base plate. A method is also provided for attaching lines to lightweight elements of means of transport, in particular to sandwich panels of aircraft, by means of a retainer comprising at least one retaining stud and a base plate.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a retainer for attaching lines to lightweightelements of means of transport, in particular to sandwich panels ofaircraft, with at least one base plate comprising a retaining stud.

The invention relates to a retainer for attaching lines to lightweightelements of means of transport, in particular to sandwich panels ofaircraft, with at least one base plate comprising a retaining stud.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for attaching lines tolightweight elements of means of transport, in particular to sandwichpanels of aircraft, by means of the retainer according to the invention.

Known retainers for attaching lines in means of transport, in particularfor attaching electrical, optical or hydraulic lines in aircraft, aregenerally optimised for use on structural elements. Such holders arenormally attached directly to the respective aluminium or steelcomponents, for example to stiffeners or supports, by means of screwconnections, clamp connections, adhesive connections or plug-typeconnections.

However, attaching the known retainers to lightweight elements, forexample to sandwich panels, is more involved. In order to attach theknown retainers, first a borehole has to be made in the lightweightelement. Thereafter an insert, i.e. a nut or a sleeve or the like, isfirmly cemented into the borehole. The insert then comprises for examplea threaded borehole, into which a screw can be turned to attach theactual retainer. On the retainer itself the actual line, for example ahydraulic line, electric line or fibre-optic line, is attached bycorresponding attachment means. As an alternative it is also possible tofirst connect an adapter to the retainer, wherein correspondingcounterpieces are arranged on the line, which counterpieces in turn arequickly and easily attachable to the adapter, for example by means of asnap-on connection. This is associated with an advantage in that thecounterpieces can already be attached to the line prior to installation(preassembly). Furthermore, the use of different adapters makes itpossible to use only one retainer for different line cross sectionsand/or line types.

Accordingly, attaching such lines to lightweight elements by means ofthe known retainers always requires several work steps and iscorrespondingly involved. Furthermore, the multitude of parts (insert,screw) required to attach the retainer results in additional weight andthe danger of losing parts.

Known retainers are thus only suitable to a limited extent foruncomplicated attachment of lines to lightweight elements, in particularto sandwich panels, in means of transport.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Amongst other things, it may be an object of the invention to create aretainer and a method which make possible fast and simple attachment oflines to lightweight elements of means of transport, in particular tosandwich panels of aircraft.

This object may be met by a retainer with the characteristics of claim1.

Because the retaining stud or each of the retaining studs can becemented into a borehole within a lightweight element, wherein theretaining stud or retaining studs is/are designed to be free of anyundercut, and is/are connected in one piece to the base plate, easy andquick attachment of the retainer according to the invention tolightweight elements, in particular to sandwich panels, may be provided.Moreover, due to the single-piece design only a reduced number ofcomponents are required to attach the retainer, as a result of which notonly the weight of the entire retainer but also the danger of losingparts during installation of the retainer may be reduced. Moreover,cementing the retaining stud within the core structure of a sandwichpanel in a way that is difficult to undo may result in great mechanicalloadability of the retainer according to the invention so that evenlines with considerable mass can safely be attached to lightweightelements.

Furthermore, the object may be met by a method with the characteristicsof claim 15.

By making at least one borehole in the lightweight element, by insertingthe retaining stud or the retaining studs into the respective borehole,by inserting adhesive into the respective borehole through at least onefilling channel in the respective retaining stud so as to attach theretainer in the lightweight element, and by attaching at least one linein the region of the base plate, easy and quick attachment of theretainer to lightweight elements may be provided, in particular tosandwich panels, for attaching lines. Moreover, there is a good transferof mechanical forces, that act on the retainer, to the lightweightelement.

Further embodiments of the retainer and the method are disclosed infurther claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a front view of a first embodiment variant of the retainerwith a retaining stud;

FIG. 2 shows a top view of the first embodiment variant of the retainer;

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the first embodiment variant of theretainer;

FIG. 4 shows a top view of a second embodiment variant of the retainerwith two retaining studs;

FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the second embodiment variant of theretainer;

FIG. 6 shows a section view of a retainer, cemented into a sandwichpanel, according to the first embodiment variant;

FIG. 7 shows a diagrammatic view of the force progression during thetransfer of shearing forces from the retainer to the sandwich panel;

FIG. 8 shows a diagrammatic view of the force progression during thetransfer of tensile forces from the retainer to the sandwich panel; and

FIG. 9 shows a section of the sandwich panel along the section line A-Aof FIG. 8 during the introduction of tensile forces into the retainer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 shows a front view of a first embodiment variant of a holder 1with a retaining stud 2.

The retaining stud 2 is arranged on a base plate 3. The base plate 3 andthe retaining stud 2 are designed in one piece and together form theretainer 1. The retainer 1 can be made from a suitable material, forexample in the injection moulding process, so as to reach through.Furthermore, the plastic material can also comprise fibre reinforcement.

An adapter 4 is attached to the base plate 3. Firm connection of theadapter 4 to the base plate 3 is by connection means (not shown indetail) such as for example snap-on elements or the like. In the adapter4 a lead-through 4 a for an attachment means, for example for a cabletie, is provided to attach one or several lines directly to the adapter4.

In one embodiment variant of the adapter 4, said adapter 4 comprisesaccommodation means to connect to counterpieces located on the line. Theaccommodation means, the line to be attached, and the counterpiecesarranged on the line are not shown in detail. This design makes itpossible, prior to the actual installation, to provide counterpiecesthat are at a defined spacing from each other to a line that is to beattached using the retainer 1 (i.e. preassembly) so that the line can beattached to the adapter 4 by an easy standardised connection procedure,for example by pushing, clipping or sliding the counterpieces onto therespective accommodation means.

In a further alternative embodiment the adapter 4 can be designed suchthat a line to be attached, which in this case does not comprise anycounterpieces, can be attached directly to the adapter 4 by an easystandardised connection procedure, for example by pushing, clipping,sliding or the like. In this case the adapter 4 comprises attachmentmeans (not shown in detail), for example snap-on elements, clampelements, clamps, straps or the like.

In a further embodiment variant of the retainer 1 according to theinvention, no adapter 4 is used, and the line to be attached can beattached directly to the base plate 3 by means of at least one suitableattachment means, for example a cable tie, a strap or the like. In thiscase the retainer 1 comprises at least one lead-through, designedcorrespondingly to the lead-through 4 a, by way of which the attachmentmeans (singular or plural) is/are fed to attach the line, i.e. attachedto the base plate.

The lines attached by means of the retainer 1 according to the inventionto lightweight elements can be cables or lines of any type, for examplehydraulic lines, electric lines, fibre-optic lines or the like.Furthermore, individual lines or a multitude of lines, even of differentkinds, can be attached by means of the retainer 1.

The retainer 1 according to the invention is intended to attach lines tolightweight panels, in particular to sandwich panels. The sandwichpanels preferably have a core structure of metal materials and/orplastic materials. The core structure can for example be a honeycomb,open folding honeycomb, foam or the like. The core structure comprisesone or several cover layers. The cover layers of the sandwich panels,which cover layers are preferably flat at least in some regions, arealso formed from a metal material and/or a plastic material, inparticular from composite materials, carbon fibre structures,carbon-fibre reinforced epoxy resins or the like. Furthermore, theretainer 1 according to the invention can also be used to attach linesof all kinds to lightweight panels that are formed from a homogeneousmaterial.

An attachment section of the retaining stud 2 comprises a top section 5,a middle section 6 and an end section 7. The top section 5 and the endsection 7 are preferably essentially disc-shaped so as to make itpossible to insert the retaining stud 2 into a borehole (not shown)within a lightweight element. In a different arrangement the top section5 and the end section 7 can also have some other geometriccross-sectional design, for example a polygonal cross section.

At least in some parts the cross-sectional area of the middle section 6can be smaller than that of the top section 5 and of the end section 7.Consequently, when the retaining stud 2 is inserted into a borehole inthe region of the middle section 6, a hollow space forms which can befilled with adhesive to attach the retainer 1 in the borehole. If thecross-sectional area of the top section 5 and of the end section 7 is,for example, other than circular, then the lightweight element mustcomprise a recess with a corresponding cross-sectional geometry tocompletely accommodate the retaining stud 2 so as to ensure adequatesealing of the hollow space by the top section 5 or by the end section 7and to avoid undefined adhesive discharge.

The middle section 6, too, can have a cross-sectional geometry that isother than circular, for example in order to prevent the retainer 1 fromrotating in the borehole or in the sandwich panel. A non-circularcross-sectional geometry is in particular advantageous if the retaineronly comprises one retaining stud 2, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in orderto make it difficult to rotate the retainer. As an alternative, forexample a polygonal design of the cross-sectional area of the middlesection 6 is possible. Furthermore, to prevent undesirable torsion ofthe retainer 1 it is also possible to arrange small resistance elements,for example in the form of stamped shapes or impressed shapes, webs,barbs, indentations or the like, in particular in radial direction inthe region of the middle section 6 of the retaining stud 2. By means ofresistance elements that are designed so as to be geometricallysuitable, at the same time an increase in the maximum tensile forces andtorsional forces that can be taken up by the retainer 1 is possible.

The base plate 3 further comprises a support surface 8 by which theretainer 1 in the attached state rests on the sandwich panel so as to beessentially flat. The support surface 8 can comprise an adhesive means,for example a double-sided adhesive tape so as to simplify installationof the retainer 1 within a lightweight element.

Furthermore, the retainer 1 comprises a filling channel 9 as well as anoutlet channel 10. The filling channel 9 is used for filling theabove-mentioned hollow space with an adhesive means to attach theretainer 1 in a borehole (not shown). In this context the outlet channel10 essentially fulfils two functions. Firstly, said outlet channel 10may show whether the procedure of filling the hollow space has beencompleted, which is indicated in that adhesive issues when the filllevel is adequate. Secondly, and concurrently, the outlet channel 10 maybe used for venting the hollow space 10 during the procedure of fillingin adhesive.

FIG. 2 shows a top view of the first embodiment variant of the retainer1 without the adapter 4.

Underneath the base plate 3 the top section 5, the middle section 6 andthe end section 7 of the retaining stud 3 are arranged so as to becovered by the base plate 3. The filling channel 9 and the outletchannel 10 are arranged on either side of the middle section 6; theypenetrate the base plate 3 and the top section 5. In the embodimentshown in FIG. 2 the middle section 6 comprises an essentially circularcross-sectional area. In a way that differs from the circularcross-sectional geometry of the middle section 6 shown, as has alreadybeen described above, cross-sectional geometries are possible thatdiffer in shape so as to prevent rotation of the retainer 1 in asandwich panel.

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the first embodiment variant of theretainer 1, again without the adapter 4.

The top section 5 and the end section 7 are essentially disk-shaped andcomprise a diameter which approximately corresponds to the diameter of aborehole into which the retaining stud 2 may be cemented for attachmentto a sandwich panel. In relation to the cross-sectional area of the topsection 5 and of the end section 7 the cross-sectional area of themiddle section 6 is considerably reduced so as to form a hollow spacefor placing adhesive into the borehole, between the top section 5 andthe end section 7. The retainer 1 rests against the sandwich panel byits support surface 8, while the top section 5 is essentially flush witha top of a sandwich panel.

FIG. 4 shows a top view of a second embodiment variant of a retainer.

In a way that is different from the first embodiment variant of theretainer 1, the retainer 11 according to the second embodiment variantcomprises a base plate 12 with two retaining studs 13, 14 so thatrotation of the retainer 11 as a result of torsional forces is avoided.

Among other things the holder 11 comprises a base plate 12. Underneaththe base plate 12 the two retaining studs 13, 14, which are covered upby the base plate 12, are arranged. The retaining stud 13 comprises anattachment section with a top section 15, a middle section 16 and an endsection 17. Correspondingly, an attachment section of the retaining stud14 comprises a top section 18, a middle section 19 and an end section20. The retaining stud 13, 14 and the base plate 12 are designed in onepiece; they can for example be made from a plastic material in aninjection moulding process. As an alternative, the plastic material cancomprise fibre reinforcement.

Corresponding to the first embodiment variant of the retainer 1according to the invention, an adapter (not shown) can be attached tothe base plate 12, which adapter makes possible easy and fast connectionto correspondingly designed counterpieces, which in turn are arranged ona line that is to be attached by means of the retainer 11.

Preferably, a line to be attached by means of the retainer 11 accordingto the invention is attached without an adapter or without correspondingcounterpieces, directly in the region of the base plate 12 by means ofsuitable connection elements, for example using cable ties, straps,clamps or the like. To this effect the base plate 12 comprises at leastone lead-through, not shown in FIGS. 4, 5, to accommodate or attach theconnection elements. The lead-through can for example be designedanalogously to the lead-through 4 a of the adapter 4 (compare FIG. 1).

The design of the retaining studs 13, 14 of the retainer 11 essentiallycorresponds to the design of the retaining stud 2 of the firstembodiment variant of the retainer 1 so that essentially the informationprovided in the context of FIGS. 1 to 3 applies. In the base plate 12and in the retaining studs 13, 14 two filling channels 21, 22 as well astwo outlet channels 23, 24 for placing adhesive to attach the retainingstuds 13, 14 in correspondingly shaped boreholes within a sandwich panelare provided. The arrangement, the geometric shape as well as thefunction of the filling channels 21, 22 and of the outlet channels 23,24 essentially correspond to the design of the filling channel 9 or ofthe outlet channel 10 according to the first embodiment variant of theholder 1 (compare FIGS. 1 to 3). The presence of two retaining studs 13,14 largely prevents rotation of the retainer 11 by torsional forces.

FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the second embodiment variant of theretainer 11.

The two retaining studs 13, 14 are arranged underneath the base plate 12and form a unit with said base plate 12. The retaining stud 14 comprisesthe attachment section with the top section 18, the middle section 19and the end section 20.

Accordingly, the attachment region of the retaining stud 13 comprises atop section 15, a middle section 16 and an end section 17, wherein inthe illustration of FIG. 5 the top section 15 and the middle section 16are covered up by the base plate 12 and are therefore hidden from view.Corresponding to the first embodiment variant the top sections 15, 18and the end sections 17, 20 also comprise an essentially disc-shapedgeometric design. In this arrangement the diameter of the top sections15, 18 and of the end sections 17, 20 essentially correspond to thediameters of the boreholes (not shown) into which the retaining studs13, 14 are placed for the purpose of attaching the retainer 11. Incomparison to this, the middle sections 16, 19 have a reducedcross-sectional area in order to create a hollow space into whichadhesive is placed. For example, if the top sections 15, 18 and the endsections 17, 20 are of a geometric design other than a circular shape,then recesses of a corresponding cross-sectional design have to be madein the lightweight element so as to provide adequate sealing of thehollow space.

The base plate 12 or the retaining studs 13, 14 comprise two fillingchannels 21, 22 for the placement of adhesive. Furthermore, two outletchannels 23, 24 are provided, not only to indicate completion of theattachment process by the issue of adhesive from the outlet channels 23,24, but also in order to ensure venting during the process of fillingthe adhesive into the filling channels 21, 22.

The presence of two retaining studs 13, 14 in the second embodimentvariant of the retainer 11 according to the invention largely preventsrotation of the retainer 12 as a result of torsional forces.Furthermore, by means of the retainer 11 according to the invention,lines of greater weight and/or larger cross-sectional dimensions too,for example hydraulic lines, electric lines or the like, can be attachedsafely and securely to sandwich panels.

In a way that differs from the shown embodiment according to FIGS. 4, 5,the retainer 11 according to the invention can also comprise three, fouror a larger number of retaining studs. The use of retainers with alarger number of retaining studs is of advantage in particular whenattaching lines of greater weight.

FIG. 6 shows a section view of a sandwich panel 25 with a retainer 26cemented into it, according to the first embodiment variant of theretainer.

Among other things the retainer 26 comprises a base plate 27 on which aretaining stud 28 is arranged. Together with the base plate 27 theretaining stud 28 forms a one-piece unit. A line (not shown in detail),which is to be attached using the retainer 26 according to theillustration in FIG. 6, is affixed, without an adapter or withoutcounterpieces, directly in the region of the base plate 27 usingsuitable connection elements, for example using cable ties, straps,clamps or the like. To this effect the base plate 12 of the retainer 26comprises at least one lead-through, not shown in FIG. 6, to accommodateor attach the connection means.

An attachment section of the retaining stud 28 comprises a top section29, a middle section 30 and an end section 31. The diameters of the topsection 29 and of the end section 31 approximately correspond to thediameter of a borehole 32 which is used to attach the retainer 26 in thesandwich panel 25. In this arrangement the borehole 32 can penetrate thesandwich panel 25 completely, or it can be a blind hole. The sum of theheight of the top section 29, the height of the middle section 30 andthe height of the end section 31, i.e. the overall height of theretaining stud 28, is preferably somewhat less than the depth of theborehole 32.

The cross-sectional area of the middle section 30 is again smaller thanthe cross-sectional areas of the top section 29 and of the end section31 so that a hollow space 33 is formed between the middle section 30 andthe borehole 32. At least one imaginary enveloping surface, whichencloses the top section 29 and the end section 31, is thus formed so asto be essentially free of undercut in relation to an interior surface ofthe borehole 32. After the retaining stud 28 has been completelyinserted into the borehole 32, the hollow space 33 makes it possible tofill in adhesive 34 by way of the fill channel 35 for attaching theretainer 26 to the sandwich panel 25. In this arrangement the outletchannel 36 is not only used to indicate completion of the fillingprocedure, but also to vent the hollow space 33. Depending on theretainer material, preferably a low-viscosity rapid-hardening adhesiveis used.

A support surface 37 of the retainer 26 rests against the top 38 of thesandwich panel 25.

For attachment during installation of the retainer 26 the base plate 27can preferably comprise adhesive, for example a double-sided adhesivetape or the like. This results in further simplification duringinstallation of the retainer 26 according to the invention.

The core structure of the sandwich panel 25 is closed off; it comprisesfor example so-called honeycombs. This prevents any undefined dischargeof adhesive 34 from the hollow space 33 into the core structure. If theretainer 26 according to the invention is for example to be inserted ina sandwich panel 25 with an open, drainable core structure, thenadditional provisions must be made to prevent any undefined discharge ofadhesive 34 from the hollow space 33 into the open core structure of thesandwich panel 25. This can for example occur in that the top section 29and the end section 31 are enclosed by an enveloping foil, which atleast in some regions comprises perforations, which enveloping foilprevents undefined discharge of the adhesive 34 into the core structureof the sandwich panel 25 or at least limits such discharge until theadhesive 34 has fully hardened. In this arrangement the envelopingsurface has the shape of a cylinder mantle whose height approximatelycorresponds to the height of the retaining stud 28.

FIG. 7 shows a diagrammatic view of the force progression during thetransfer of tensile forces from the retainer 26 to the sandwich panel25.

The retaining stud 28 of the retainer 26 is located within the borehole32 in the sandwich panel 25. Essentially the entire support surface 37of the base plate 27 rests against the top of the sandwich panel 25.Essentially the entire outside of the top section 29 and of the endsection 31, which sections are both disc shaped, rests against theinterior surface of the borehole 32. For the sake of clarity, in thediagram the hollow space 33 does not contain any adhesive 34.

If shearing forces 39 act on the base plate 27, for exampleapproximately parallel in relation to the top 38 of the sandwich panel25, then these shearing forces 39 are deflected, in the direction of thearrow 40, from the base plate 27 through the top section 29 into thesandwich panel 25. The illustration in FIG. 7 shows that the retainer 26can already absorb minor shearing forces 39 without any adhesive havingbeen applied. In order to be able to absorb greater shearing forces 39it is advantageous if the fittings between the top section 29 as well asthe end section 31 and the borehole 32 are press fittings so that inorder to attach the retainer 26 the retaining stud 28 has to be pressedinto the borehole using light pressure. For the sake of completeness,both the filling channel 35 and the outlet channel 36 are shown in FIG.7.

FIG. 8 shows a diagrammatic view of the force progression during thetransfer of tensile forces from the retainer 26 to the sandwich panel25.

The retaining stud 28 of the retainer 26 is accommodated within theborehole 32 in the sandwich panel 25. The support surface 37 of the baseplate 27 rests essentially entirely against the top 38 of the sandwichpanel 25. Essentially the entire outside surface of the top section 29and of the end section 31 connect with the inside of the borehole 32.

In a way that is different from the illustration of FIG. 7 the hollowspace 33 is completely filled with adhesive 34. Filling adhesive 34 intothe hollow space 33 is by way of the filling channel 35. Completion ofthe filling process may be indicated by adhesive 34 issuing from theoutlet channel 36. Apart from this function, the outlet channel alsofunctions as a vent in order to ensure rapid filling of adhesive 34 intothe hollow space 33 without forming any bubbles.

If a tensile force 41 acts on the retainer 26 or on the base plate 27,then this tensile force 41 is introduced along the arrow 42 by way ofthe retaining stud 28 and the adhesive 34 into the sandwich panel 25.This may result in good and even distribution of the effect of thetensile force 41 on the sandwich panel 25. By arranging resistanceelements in the region of the middle section 30, the magnitude of thetensile forces and torsional forces that can be transmitted by theretainer 26 can be increased.

FIG. 9 illustrates a section of the sandwich panel along the sectionline A-A during the introduction of tensile forces (compare FIG. 8). Thetensile forces are transferred from the middle section 30 of the holderto the sandwich panel 25 by way of the adhesive 34. FIG. 9 shows thatthe area 43 that is available for transferring the tensile forces intothe sandwich panel 25 is relatively large so that an essentially evenlydistributed transfer of tensile forces results, starting from the middlesection 30 by way of the adhesive 34 into the sandwich panel 25.

According to the method of the invention for attaching lines tolightweight elements of means of transport, in particular to sandwichpanels in aircraft, at first at least one borehole is made in thesandwich panel. After this the retainer according to the invention,which retainer for example comprises only one retaining stud, isinserted into the borehole and slightly pressed into said borehole. Inorder to attach the retainer in the borehole, if necessary the supportsurface can comprise adhesive, for example a piece of double-sidedadhesive tape. After this, by way of the filling channel of theretainer, adhesive is filled into the borehole or the hollow space untilsaid adhesive issues from the outlet channel, thus indicating completionof the cementing- or attachment procedure. Finally, the line to beattached is either attached directly to the retainer by means of acorresponding accommodation device, or an adapter is clipped onto theretainer or attached thereon in some other way, into which adapter againa counterpiece that is located on the line can be inserted.

If by means of the method according to the invention a retainer is to beattached that comprises several retaining studs, then a correspondingnumber of boreholes must be made in the sandwich panel, into whichboreholes the retaining studs of the retainer are then inserted andpressed. Attachment of the retainer itself takes place in the same wayas attachment of a retainer that comprises only one retaining stud.

It should be noted that the term “comprising” does not exclude otherelements or steps and the “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. Alsoelements described in association with different embodiments may becombined.

It should also be noted that reference signs in the claims shall not beconstrued as limiting the scope of the claims.

REFERENCE LIST

-   1 Retainer-   2 Retaining stud-   3 Base plate-   4 Adapter-   4 a Lead-through-   5 Top section-   6 Middle section-   7 End section-   8 Support surface-   9 Filling channel-   10 Outlet channel-   11 Retainer-   12 Base plate-   13 Retaining stud-   14 Retaining stud-   15 Top section-   16 Middle section-   17 End section-   18 Top section-   19 Middle section-   20 End section-   21 Filling channel-   22 Filling channel-   23 Outlet channel-   24 Outlet channel-   25 Sandwich panel-   26 Retainer-   27 Base plate-   28 Retaining stud-   39 Top section-   30 Middle section-   31 End section-   32 Borehole-   33 Hollow space-   34 Adhesive-   35 Filling channel-   36 Outlet channel-   37 Support surface-   38 Top-   39 Shearing force-   40 Arrow-   41 Tensile force-   42 Arrow-   43 Area

Although the invention herein has been described with reference toparticular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodimentsare merely illustrative of the principles and applications of thepresent invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerousmodifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that otherarrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scopeof the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

1. A retainer for attaching lines to lightweight elements of means oftransport, including to sandwich panels of aircraft, comprising: a baseplate; at least one retaining stud being adapted to be cemented into aborehole within a lightweight element, wherein the at least oneretaining stud is designed to be free of any undercut, and is connectedin one piece to the base plate.
 2. The retainer of claim 1, wherein theat least one retaining stud comprises an attachment section, wherein theattachment section can be inserted into a borehole in the lightweightelement.
 3. The retainer of claim 1, wherein the attachment sectioncomprises a top section, a middle section and an end section.
 4. Theretainer of claim 3, wherein the top section and the end section areessentially disc-shaped, with the diameter of the top section and thediameter of the end section essentially corresponding to the boreholediameter of the respective borehole.
 5. The retainer of claim 3, whereinat least in some sections the cross-sectional area of the middle sectionis smaller than the cross-sectional area of the respective borehole soas to form a hollow space for accommodating adhesive.
 6. The retainer ofclaim 5, wherein the adhesive for attaching the retaining stud orretaining studs in the borehole can be placed into the hollow space inthe lightweight element.
 7. The retainer of claim 3, wherein at least insome sections the cross-sectional geometry of the middle section isother than circular.
 8. The retainer of claim 3, wherein the middlesection comprises at least one resistance element, in particular atleast one projection, at least one indentation or the like.
 9. Theretainer of claim 1, wherein the at least one retaining stud comprisesat least one filling channel, into which adhesive may be placed, and atleast one outlet channel for venting and indicating a fill level. 10.The retainer of claim 1, wherein at least one line can be attacheddirectly in the region of the base plate.
 11. The retainer of claim 1,wherein the base plate comprises at least one lead-through for attachingat least one attachment means, in particular at least one cable tie. 12.The retainer of claim 1, further comprising: an adapter for attachingthe line or lines can be attached to the base plate.
 13. The retainer ofclaim 12, wherein the adapter comprises at least one lead-through forattaching at least one attachment means, in particular at least onecable tie.
 14. The retainer of claim 5, wherein the adhesive comprises aplastic material, in particular a low-viscosity rapid-hardening plasticmaterial.
 15. A method for attaching lines to lightweight elements ofmeans of transport, including to sandwich panels of aircraft, by meansof a retainer comprising at least one retaining stud and a base platecomprising: providing the lightweight element with at least oneborehole; inserting the at least one retaining stud into the respectiveborehole; pacing adhesive into the respective borehole through at leastone filling channel in the at least one retaining stud so as to attachthe retainer in the lightweight element, and attaching at least one linein the region of the base plate.
 16. The method of claim 15, furthercomprising: attaching an adapter in the region of the base plate; andattaching the at least one line to the adapter.
 17. The method of claim15, further comprising: pacing an adhesive is placed into the at leastone filling channel until the adhesive issues from the at least oneoutlet channel.